【新唐人北京时间2018年09月11日讯】【世事关心】（479）美国校园持续清除中共影响，学术自由是美国学界的核心理念，在它的保护下，学生和教师可以不受压制的，自由的从事学术活动。但是当中共这样一个外来专制权威侵入校园的时候，是否会危及到学术自由，人们的这种担心具体体现在孔子学院上。
人们开始担心孔子学院可能会损害学术自由。
The Confucius Institute is causing concerns about America’s academic freedom.
马克•卢比奥（美国参议员）：“我认为各大学都应该了解孔子学院的任务。外国政府一直在通过孔子学院压制学术自由。”
Sen. Marco Rubio:“ I think every college should be aware of what these institutes are used for and that they are in fact consistently being used in a way to quash academic freedom on campus at the behest of a foreign government. ”
最新的国防法案禁止国防部给予孔子学院资助，但是这就足够了吗？
The newest defense bill bars Confucius Institutes from Pentagon funding, but is it enough?
罗歇尔•彼得森：“国防授权法是促使各大学与孔子学院脱钩的重要一步。但是，单靠它还不够。”
Rachelle Peterson: “The National Defense Authorization Act is an important step in the right direction in incentivizing colleges and universities to disentangle their Confucius Institutes from the rest of the college campus. But, unfortunately, it is not sufficient in itself.”
明尼苏达大学关闭了中国人权问题研究专家科克•埃里森博士的一个项目。
Narration: The University of Minnesota closed a program hosted by Dr. Kirk Allison who confronted China on human rights issues.
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“如果一个学校想跻身上流，就必须与中国大陆进行某种合作。”
Dr. Kirk Allison:“ If you’re wanting to be one of the top three universities or one of the whatever, it’s hard to do all of that and not play ball with a fifth of the world’s population. ”
但是这个博弈仍在继续。
But the fight goes on.
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“明尼苏达大学在2012年10月授予陈竺荣誉博士学位。他是中国卫生部长。您对此有异议，原因是什么？”
“ In October 2012, the university of Minnesota granted an honorary doctorate to Dr. Chen Zhu. I think he is the minister of Health from China. You were against it why?”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“中共杀戮良心犯，还为了获取器官而杀人，罪行累累。不应该把荣誉博士学位颁给中共体制内高官。”
Dr. Kirk Allison: “It’s not proper to provide an honorary doctorate for an individual who was sitting administratively at the top of a system in which prisoners in a death penalty system in which insufficient representation in particular, in which there’s been confirmed reports of prisoners of conscience being executed or being sources of organs, et cetera, to receive an honorary doctorate. ”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：欢迎收看《世事关心》，我是萧茗。学术自由是美国学界的核心理念。在它的保护下，学生和教师可以不受压制的，自由的从事学术活动。但是当中共这样一个外来专制权威侵入校园的时候，是否会危及到学术自由？人们的这种担心具体体现在孔子学院问题上。但是中共对高教系统的影响是否扩散到了其它领域？在这一期《世事关心》，我们来探讨中共对大学校园的渗透，是如何影响到教师、学生、和学术诚信的。
Hello, Welcome to 《Zooming In 》，I’m Simone Gao. Academic freedom is the cornerstone of American academia. It protects the rights of teachers and students to research and discuss their subjects without fear of censorship or discipline. But what happens to academic freedom when a foreign, authoritarian government like China takes root on U.S. campuses? This is the controversy surrounding China’s Confucius Institute. But does China’s influence on American campuses extend past Confucius Institutes? In this episode, we’ll take a look at how China’s influence on American campuses affects professors, students and academic integrity.
孔子学院如何危及美国学术自由
How Confucius Institutes Threaten Academic Freedom
孔子学院于2004年由国家“汉办”成立，而“汉办”则由12个国家级政府部门监管，包括外交部、文化部、教育部、国务院威廉希尔体育官网办公室等。
The Confucius Institute was established in 2004 by “Hanban”, which is overseen by 12 national level government bodies, including the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Education, the State Council Information Office and more.
目前，在美国大学校园里有100多所孔子学院，美国中小学校总共有500多个孔子课堂。
There are currently over 100 Confucius Institutes on U.S. university campuses and over 500 K-12 Confucius Classrooms in the U.S.
据全国学者协会一份关于孔子学院题为“外包给中国”的研究报告得知，“汉办”为孔子学院提供运营资金和运营保护，支付中文教师和工作人员的费用。“汉办”还提供教科书和批准孔子学院的课程记入学分。
According to Outsourced to China, a research paper on Confucius Institutes by the National Association of Scholars,“ Hanban” provides operating funds and screens and pays Confucius Institutes’ Chinese teachers and staff members.“ Hanban” also provides textbooks and approves Confucius Institute courses, which are sometimes offered for credit.
通过粉饰历史和内容审查，孔子学院力图向当代美国人宣传，类似中共政权官方版本的历史。
By whitewashing history and censoring content, the Confucius Institute strives to educate a generation of Americans to know little more of China than the regime’s official history.
在2011年孔子学院北京总部的演讲中，政治局常委李长春说：“孔子学院是一个富于影响力的品牌，旨在海外拓展我们文化。它为提高我们的软实力做出了重要贡献。” ‘孔子’品牌具有天然的吸引力。以教授中文为由一切看起来也就合情合理。
In a 2011 speech at the Confucius Institute’s Beijing headquarters, Standing Politburo Committee member Li Changchun said：“The Confucius Institute is an appealing brand for extending our culture abroad. It has made an important contribution toward improving our soft power. ”The‘Confucius’brand has a natural attractiveness. Using the excuse of teaching Chinese language, everything looks reasonable and logical.
对于一些美国政客来说，这一切也同样合情合理。 在今年4月举行的美中教育交流座谈会上，当被问及美国校园对孔子学院日益增加的担忧时，前国会议员马特•萨尔蒙说:
Everything looks reasonable and logical to some American politicians too. At a forum on U.S.-China educational exchanges in April this year, when asked about the rising concerns over Confucius Institutes on American campuses, former member of the Congress Matt Salmon said this：
Matt Salmon（前美国国会议员）：“美中关系中有很多值得关注的议题，但是我们不能因噎废食。取消这些项目不是解决问题的办法，而是应该增加。这样会增进彼此间的了解，促成更多的对话和互动。所以我认为这些项目只是需要更多监管，我认为现有监管机制能确保这些项目不脱离正轨。”
国防部批准了亚利桑那大学、斯坦福大学、和华盛顿大学的孔子学院为期三年的资助。Salmon先生认为这有力的证明孔子学院是无害的。
The Department of Defense granted 3 years of funding to the Confucius Institutes at the University of Arizona, Stanford, and the University of Washington. Mr. Salmon argued this is solid proof that CIs are harmless.
马特•萨尔蒙 （前美国国会议员）：“如果国防部确信或者担心孔子学院是一个国家安全隐患，他们根本就不会批准拨款。”
Matt Salmon: “Again I would go back that if the DOD believed or had serious reservations that the Confucius Institutes are some kind of threat to national security, they wouldn’t in their wildest dreams decide to provide grant funding for them to do that. ”
但这一切很快有了改变。 大约在同一时间，萨尔蒙先生为孔子学院辩护，两位国会议员致信德州A＆M关于对其孔子学院的担忧。 几天后，学校表示将终止协议。 今年5月，参议员马可•卢比奥也致信佛罗里达州的三所大学谈及他们的孔子学院。
But all this changed quickly. Around the same time Mr. Salmon defended the Confucius Institute, two congressmen wrote to Texas A&M raising concerns about its Confucius Institute. Days later, the school said it would terminate its agreement. In May, Senator Marco Rubio (link to article with his letter) also sent a letter to three colleges in Florida regarding their Confucius Institutes.
马可•卢比奥（美国参议员）：“我认为各大学都应该了解孔子学院的任务。外国政府一直在通过孔子学院压制学术自由。我敦促所有大学关闭其校内的孔子学院。没有必要搞孔子学院。”
Sen. Marco Rubio：“I think every college should be aware of what these institutes are used for and that they are in fact consistently being used in a way to quash academic freedom on campus at the behest of a foreign government. And I would encourage every college in America to close them. There’s no need for these programs.”
今年8月，特朗普总统签署了最新的国防授权法案（NDAA）。它禁止国防部为美国校园的孔子学院提供资金。将来，任何同时拥有国防部资助和中国政府资助的中文项目的大学，如果想要保留资助需要获得国防部的免责声明。几天后，北佛罗里达大学表示将关闭其孔子学院。
In August, President Trump signed the latest National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA). It prohibits Pentagon funding for Confucius Institutes on U.S. campuses. In the future, any universities that have Pentagon-funded and Chinese government-funded Chinese language programs will have to secure a Pentagon waiver if they want to keep both. A few days later the University of North Florida said it would close its Confucius Institute.
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：美国大学里的孔子学院都干了些什么？我采访了罗歇尔•彼得森，她是全国学者协会的科研部主任，《外包给中国：孔子学院给高等教育带来的影响》。
What will happen to the Confucius Institutes on American campuses? I discussed this with Rachelle Peterson, director of research projects at the National Association of Scholars. She wrote 《Outsourced to China: Confucius Institutes and Soft Power in American Higher Education》.
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“您觉得单靠《2019年度国防授权法》，是否能有效防止中共对美国大学施加影响？”
“ Do you think the National Defense Authorization Act of 2019 does enough to counter the Chinese Communist regime’s influence on American campuses?”
罗歇尔•彼得森（全国学者协会科研部主任）：“《国防授权法》是促使各大学与孔子学院脱钩的重要一步。但是，单靠它还不够。《国防授权法》只是禁止国防部资助大学里与孔子学院有关的中文项目。各大学只要把国防部资助的项目和孔子学院的项目分开就行了，两者可以同时运行，所以还需要有其它措施，才能让各大学和孔子学院完全脱钩。”
Rachelle Peterson: “《The National Defense Authorization Act》 is an important step in the right direction in incentivizing colleges and universities to disentangle their Confucius Institutes from the rest of the college campus. But, unfortunately, it is not sufficient in itself. The NDAA forbids the Department of Defense from funding Chinese language programs that are entwined with Confucius Institutes on campus. But as long as the university completely separates its Pentagon-funded program from its Confucius Institute, then the university can continue to operate both. So more needs to be done to encourage colleges and universities to cut their ties with their Confucius Institutes. ”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“还需要哪些其它措施？”
“ What else needs to be done?”
罗歇尔•彼得森（全国学者协会科研部主任）：“联邦政府应该对那些关闭孔子学院的大学增加拨款。关闭孔子学院应该成为获得联邦拨款的先决条件。《高等教育法案》正面临重新修订，全国学者协会已经敦促国会考虑这一措施。我们还要求各大学在孔子学院问题上增加透明度。目前各大学与中共政府秘密签约建立孔子学院。这是不应该的。这些秘约必须公开，公众应该了解中共政府对这些孔子学院的投入。从公开透明的角度出发必须这样做，这也是为了彰显高等教育部门的廉洁。”
Rachelle Peterson: “The federal government should condition more federal funding on colleges and universities closing their Confucius Institutes. It should be a condition to receive federal funding to close that Confucius Institute down. The Higher Education Act is currently up for reauthorization, and the National Association of Scholars has encouraged Congress to include language to that effect. We’ve also said that there needs to be more transparency. Right now colleges and universities are signing secret contracts with the Chinese government for the purpose of setting up their Confucius Institutes. There should be no secret contracts between American colleges and the Chinese government. Those contracts need to be made public, and the American people need to know the amount of money that the Chinese government has invested into these Confucius Institutes. All of this needs to be made publicly available for the sake of transparency and for protecting the integrity of American higher education. ”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“谈到高教部门的廉洁，孔子学院是如何影响美国学者的？同一所大学的非孔子学院学者，能否发表批评中共的言论？”
“ Talking about the integrity of American higher education, how do Confucius Institutes impact American scholars? Say, if these scholars are not staff members of the Confucius Institutes but are on the same campus with the CI, will they be able to publish on topics critical of the CCP?”
罗歇尔•彼得森（全国学者协会科研部主任）：“我实地研究了12所建有孔子学院的大学。我访谈了那里的学者。我发现，孔子学院的存在妨碍了他们讨论敏感问题。他们不仅受到来自中共的压力，也受到来自内部的压力，因为孔子学院是一个财源，所以各大学的管理部门不愿得罪中共。他们成了中共控制舆论的帮手，这给校内的教授们造成了严重的影响。既限制了他们在中国研究问题上的学术自由，也限制了在这个问题上的教学自由。”
Rachelle Peterson:“ I did case studies at 12 colleges with Confucius Institutes, and I talked to the scholars on those campuses. And what I found is that many, many professors felt that the presence of a Confucius Institute increased the pressure on them to avoid talking about sensitive topics. They felt that pressure from China, but they also felt that pressure from their own university administrations who didn’t want to jeopardize the funding stream that Confucius Institutes had generated. The universities themselves had turned into enforcers of China’s speech codes and had effectively passed those on to the professors. So it was limiting their academic freedom and their freedom to teach their students openly on issues related to China.”
除了妨碍学术自由，中共还在哪些方面迫害学者？
Besides academic freedom, what else has the Chinese regime’s presence on American campuses done to scholars.
How China’s Presence on U.S. Campuses Affects Scholars
明尼苏达大学批评中共教授被关闭项目
中国对美国校园的影响不仅限于孔子学院。 许多大学依靠中国留学生来弥补减少的入学人数。根据国际教育学院的数据，2016年至2017年，美国有超过35万名中国留学生。中国是美国国际学生最大的生源地，中国留学生占美国国际学生总数的32％。这使得中国给美国大学造成影响，包括资助孔子学院和派遣赴美学生。产生的一个副作用就是（大学的）自我审查。作用最明显的领域在中国研究，但商学院、法学院、甚至医学院都能感受到压力，明尼苏达大学双子城正是在这种境况之下。
China’s influence on U.S. campuses is not limited to Confucius Institutes. Many universities rely on Chinese international students to make up for dwindling enrollment. According to data from the Institute of International Education (link), there were over 350,000 Chinese international students in the U.S. from 2016 to 2017. China is the number one country of origin, making up 32 percent of all international students in the U.S. This gives China leverage over universities, both with funding for CIs and sending students to the U.S. One side-effect of this is self-censorship. The most obvious area is China studies, but business schools, law schools, and even medical schools can feel the pressure, which is what happened at the University of Minnesota–Twin Cities.
明尼苏达大学与中国有很强的联系。它的中国中心成立于1979年，明尼苏达大学是美中关系正常化以后首批和中国恢复关系的美国大学。2008年，它成立了孔子学院。据College Factual报导，在明尼苏达大学有近3000名中国学生。
The U of M has strong ties to China. Its China Center was established in 1979, making the U of M one of the first U.S. universities to resume ties following the normalization of U.S.-China relations. (China Center link) In 2008, it established a Confucius Institute (link). According to College Factual, there are almost 3,000 students from China at the U of M.
Kirk Allison博士从2006年至2016年主导明尼苏达大学的人权与健康课题。他直言不讳地批评中国器官移植系统。连续的可靠的报导表明该系统支撑了一个有计划的、国家准许的器官摘取链条，器官非自愿的取自良心犯，包括法轮功学员、其他宗教成员和少数民族群体。2012年，明尼苏达大学授予中国卫生部部长陈竺荣誉博士学位。对此，Allison博士公开表示反对。
Dr. Kirk Allison directed the University of Minnesota’s Program in Human Rights and Health from 2006 to 2016. He’s an outspoken critic of China’s organ transplant system, which persistent and credible reports indicate supports a systematic, state-sanctioned organ harvesting from non-consenting prisoners of conscience including Falun Gong practitioners and members of other religious and ethnic minority groups. In 2012, the University of Minnesota granted an honorary doctorate to Chen Zhu, Minister of Health from China. Dr. Allison openly objected to it.
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“2012年10月，明尼苏达大学为陈竺授予荣誉博士学位，他当时是中国卫生部部长。您反对授予他学位，为什么？”
“ In October 2012, the University of Minnesota granted an honorary doctorate to Dr. Chen Zhu. I think he was the Minister of Health from China. You were against it. Why?”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“在我看来，不应该把荣誉博士学位颁给中共体制内高官。中共的司法系统不给死囚提供法律援助，有确凿的证据证明中共杀戮良心犯，还为了获取器官而杀人，罪行累累。”
Dr.Kirk Allison:“However, as minister of health, he was sitting on the top of the civilian side of a system in which something upwards of perhaps 10,000 organs are being transplanted, that were multiple thousands are being transplanted, that were being sourced by executed prisoners by that time…So in my view it’s not proper to provide an honorary doctorate for an individual who was sitting administratively at the top of a system in which prisoners in a death penalty system in which there’s insufficient representation, in particular, in which there’s been confirmed reports of prisoners of conscience being executed or being sources of organs, et cetera, to receive an honorary doctorate. ”
2016年，学校取消了Allison博士的人权与健康项目。
In 2016, Dr. Allison’s Program in Human Rights and Health was closed by the university.
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“您曾是明尼苏达大学公共卫生学院人类权利与健康项目的主任。那个项目被取消了，是吗？”
“So you were the director of the Program in Human Rights and Health at the University of Minnesota School of Public Health. And now that program was closed, right?”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“是的，学校在取消这个项目的时候，找了种种借口。我不想提及太多的细节，但是我认为校方的一些理由不成立。整个决策过程不透明，校方没有回应我们公开财务和其它细节的要求。”
Dr. Kirk Allison:“Right. And there are various justifications given for the closure of the program. I’m not wanting to get into too much detail, but I would say some of the justifications given have not, in my view, added up. And requests for transparency, particularly on financial claims and things, have not been forthcoming. And so it would be good if it were reestablished. There was a lot of — there were 20 – there were 32 letter of support for the program that were presented from individuals, both in the university, involved in various human rights programs and divisions here, internationally, nationally, in the community.”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“您的项目需要多少资金？”
“So how much money did your program need?”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“不是很多，讽刺的是，项目被关闭的那年，我们从学费中，甚至是我们开的课程中获得的收入，远远超过项目的预算。”
Dr. Kirk Allison: “It was not a great deal, in terms of these things. And, ironically, the year when it was closed, our income from tuition, even from the courses we did, far exceeded what our budget was and had been going up.”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“您的项目被关闭，和您做的关于中国囚犯器官强摘的研究有关系吗？”
“Is the closure of your program connected to your research into this forced organ harvesting of Chinese prisoners of conscience in any way?”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“很可能不是首要原因。但是有一个问题，但是如果有人（像我）在多个领域长时间发声制造麻烦，也许那也是原因。所以这个很难说。”
Dr. Kirk Allison: “Probably not primarily. Though there’s a question of, if something is a bur under the saddle for some time in various areas, maybe does that count against, you know? So it’s a little hard to say. There are other issues that are, perhaps, more proximate. And, once again, one expects, particularly in areas of medicine or public health, one expects evidence, one expects transparency, one expects data. And when claims are made and numbers are put out that have not been previously discussed with the principals, and when one asks for the underlying data for those, and it’s not produced, and one has other numbers that indicate the opposite case, it raises serious questions about something being, say, just simply a financial question.”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“如果明大没有说这个和中国有关，我也很难不联想，因为明大倚重中国学生，让中国生气会有成本。另一方面，还有你。”
“About the opportunity cost, Even if the university didn’t say this is related to China, one cannot help thinking there’s an opportunity cost of getting China upset because the university is dependent on Chinese students. On the other side, there’s you.”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“有很多关于这个的讨论。甚至是大卫•麦塔斯律师（著名人权律师）有一次来明大演讲，学校管理层有人要看看用来宣传演讲的传单。这很不寻常，因为那时候有和中国相关的敏感项目要启动，所以有可能有自我审查在里面，如果你想成为顶级大学，你就得和世界上1/5的人口合作。”
Dr. Kirk Allison: “There’s been a lot of discussion about this kind of thing, Even when David Matas came one time to talk, there was a situation in which somebody in administrative structure wanted to look at the flyer that was being used to advertise the talk, which was extraordinary. Because at the time there was some sensitive program that was about to launch that was related to China. And so there can be a kind of self-censorship that kicks in. And if you’re wanting to be one of the top three universities or one of the whatever, it’s hard to do all of that and not play ball with a fifth of the world’s population. ”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“明大在付出代价。代价的一部分就是失去像您这样的人。”
“I like what you previously said. The university is paying a price. And part of that price is you and people like you.”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“在某些情形下是这样。我可能是被意外殃及的‘池鱼’。”
Dr. Kirk Allison: “Well, it may be in certain circumstances. And in that sense, one may end up being, quote, collateral damage.”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“但是他们不在乎他们付出的代价吗？我是说失去你和你的项目？”
“But do they care about the price they pay? The cost of you and your program?”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“这取决于他们怎么看成本收益分析。”
“It depends on what they think the cost benefit analysis is.”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“但您怎么看？”
“But what do you think?”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“我为学生们感到遗憾。”
Dr. Kirk Allison: “Well, I feel sorry for the students is what I think.”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“您会继续这个调查吗？”
“Are you going to continue on this path to investigate?”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“我想继续。我们看看会发生什么，什么形式。”
Dr. Kirk Allison: “I intend to. And we’ll see what happens and in what format.”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“为什么您认为这个重要？”
“ Why do you think this is important?”
科克•埃里森博士（人权与卫生项目主管2006-2016）：“我认为人很重要，是不是？”
Dr. Kirk Allison:“ Well, I think human beings are important, right?”
截至目前，尽管有大量的来自大学教职员、美国本土和国际上的人权项目个体的支持信函，Kirk Allison博士的项目仍然处于关闭状态。明尼苏达大学没有回复《世事关心》，对关闭人权和健康项目的采访的请求。
“ As of today, Dr. Kirk Allison’s program remains closed despite numerous letters of support from university staff members and individuals in human rights programs in the U.S. and internationally. The University of Minnesota has not responded to Zooming In’s request for an interview about the closure of the Program in Human Rights and Health. ”
Coming up: How the Chinese government interferes with student activities.
接下来：中共是如何干涉学生活动的？
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：人们对中共渗透高教领域的关注，主要集中在对教师和学术自由的影响。但是学生们也受到了影响，中共政权用恐吓的手段，阻挡学生们参加对其不利的组织和活动。《世事关心》的撰稿人杰西•比提在策划这期威廉希尔公司网站时，参考了她在明尼苏达大学法轮功学生团体时的经历。我们在全国范围内联系了其他受影响的学生和学生社团。 但是到本期威廉希尔公司网站截稿时为止，还没有收到回馈。请先听杰西的故事：
Most discussion about China’s influence on campus focuses on professors and academic freedom. But students also feel the pressure. Even on American campuses, the Chinese regime uses intimidation tactics on students involved in clubs or activities deemed sensitive to the Chinese Communist Party. Zooming In writer Jess Beatty proposed this episode based on her own undergraduate experiences as a member of the Falun Gong student club at the University of Minnesota. We reached out to other students and clubs across the country, but as of this broadcast, we couldn’t find anyone else to go on record. Here is Jess.
中共控制学生团体，涉嫌威胁美国学生
Jess Beatty（明尼苏达大学校友《世事关心》撰稿人）：“在2006年或2007年，我走到沃尔特图书馆，一辆大型白色面包车停在我面前，就在这里，六七个中国人从车里出来，用普通话冲我大喊大叫，他们都冲我拍照，完了之后他们又上到面包车里开走了。 这件事情让我想起了天安门广场的视频，便衣警察把人们抓进白色面包车里，因为他们在广场抗议。但是我真的很震惊，他们竟然会试图在美国校园里恐吓美国学生，因为美国学生参加了法轮功学生俱乐部。那么，你可以想像他们可能会对一个中国留学生或者从事中国共产党敏感话题研究的学者做些什么。我能够公开谈论这些，因为在中国我没有他们可以骚扰或恐吓的朋友或家人。”
Jess Beatty:“ In either 2006 or 2007, I was walking to Walter Library and a big white van stopped in front of me, right here, and six or seven Chinese guys got out, shouting in Mandarin, and they all started taking pictures of me, and then they got back in the van and drove off. But it reminded me of the Tiananmen Square videos where you see plainclothes police officers putting people in big white vans because they’re protesting or what have you. But I was really shocked that they would try to intimidate an American student on a U.S. campus because of their involvement in the Falun Gong student club. It was just really shocking to me. And you can imagine what they might do to a Chinese international student or maybe scholars who are trying to research topics that are sensitive to the Chinese Communist Party. I’m able to talk about this openly because I don’t have friends or family in China that they could harass or intimidate.”
1968年，美国大学教授协会发表了一份关于学生权利和自由的联合声明。 它指出“学生和学生组织应该自由地调查和讨论他们所有感兴趣的问题，并公开和私下发表看法。 在不破坏机构正常、基本运营的前提下，他们应该自由地支持他们想支持的事情。”
Narration: In 1968, the American Association of University Professors published a Joint Statement on Rights and Freedoms of Students. It states,“Students and student organizations should be free to examine and discuss all questions of interest to them and to express opinions publicly and privately. They should always be free to support causes by orderly means which do not disrupt the regular and essential operation of the institution.”
许多中国留学生不享有这些权利。 中国学生学者联谊会（CSSA）是中国官方国际学生组织。 2004年，来自芝加哥的中国领事馆官员前往明尼苏达大学介入综援活动。
Many Chinese international students don’t enjoy these rights. The Chinese Students and Scholars Association (CSSA) is the official Chinese international student organization. In 2004, Chinese Consulate officials from Chicago went to the University of Minnesota to intervene in CSSA activities.
Chris当时在CSSA董事会。关于那次事件，我采访了他。出于安全考虑，他要求我们不要暴露他也不要公开他的姓氏。
Chris was on the CSSA board at the time. I had a discussion with him about what happened back then. For security reasons, he asked us to not show his face or publish his last name.
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“Chris, 请告诉我当你担任中国学生学者俱乐部董事会成员的时候，发生了什么。”
“So Chris, tell me what happened to the CSSA when you were on the board of it. ”
Chris（受访人／前中国学生学者联谊会董事会成员）：“是的。当我还在明大中国学生学者联谊会管理层的时候，我和当时的会长聊天，他说芝加哥的中领馆联系他，中领馆甚至还给他钱。那是通过一种支票，直接存入他的个人账户。我不知道是不是有汇款记录什么的，但是他从芝加哥中领馆拿钱，他接中领馆的电话，他从中领馆领取指示。”
“Yes. As far as I’m concerned, when I was in the student governing body for the Chinese Student Scholars Association at the University of Minnesota, in my conversation with the president at the time, he said he’s getting contact from the Chinese Consulate based in Chicago, and he’s getting even funding from them. It was through a sort of check that’s directly deposited into his personal account. So I don’t know if there’s any record or tracking, but he’s getting money from the consulate in Chicago, he’s getting phone calls, he’s getting different directions from the consulate.”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“2004年，一个修炼法轮功的华人学生竞选明大学生学者联谊会的主席。当中国官员听说她修炼法轮功之后，发生了什么？”
“In 2004 a Chinese student who practices Falun Gong campaigned to be the CSSA president at the University of Minnesota. What happened when Chinese officials heard that she practiced Falun Gong? ”
Chris（受访人／前中国学生学者联谊会董事会成员）：“她很有激情要为大学的学生服务。所以她决定竞选联谊会主席。很明显，她修炼法轮功不是秘密，所有人都知道，包括中领馆的人。所以我记得是在中领馆请了中国学生吃饭一两周之后，一个明大的中国学生，他在联谊会曾经工作过，突然在社交媒体发帖子，说他得到消息，法轮功想要在明大拿下中国学生学者联谊会，我们不能让这个发生。我也决定竞选主席，请支持我。所以这个事情就在明大的学生中传开了。选举那天，不像过去通常没多少学生来投票，但是那次选举几乎来了有一百人。我们没有确凿证据，但是根据和那个竞选联谊会主席的中国留学生的谈话，也就是和修炼法轮功的学生对着来的那位，芝加哥中领馆强烈催促他，要求他联系中国学生，中领馆的官员甚至亲自给他们认识的中国学生打电话。”
“ She was very, very enthusiastic to serve the students at the university. So she decided to campaign for the president post. Obviously, it was not secret that she was practicing. It was known to everybody, including the consulate people. So then I think there was couple of weeks after that dinner hosted by the Communist Consulate from Chicago, a Chinese student from the University of Minnesota who used to serve in the association before, several years ago, all of a sudden put up a social media post in one of the websites saying， he got the news， Falun Gong wanted to take over the Chinese Student and Scholars Association in the University of Minnesota. We cannot let it happen, I decided to run for the president as well, please support me. And so it was sort of spread across the students within the University of Minnesota. when the election date came, normally there wasn’t many students, Chinese students coming for that kind of election in the past years, but in that particular year, there’s almost a hundred people coming. And I think， we didn’t have hard evidence, but based on the conversation that the Chinese student who run for the president or run for the chairman against the Falun Gong student, there was a strong push from the Chicago consulate asking him to reach out to different Chinese students. And even the consulate officials themselves make phone calls to whoever they knew that are studying in the university.”
在2月份的国会听证会上，对学术自由的担忧转变为对国家安全的担忧。 联邦调查局主任Christopher Wray表示，在学术界中国的间谍无处不在。
At a Congressional hearing in February, concerns about academic freedom changed into concerns about national security. FBI Director Christopher Wray said Chinese spies are almost everywhere in the academic sector.
Christopher Way（联邦调查局主任）：“我认为在这个环境下，我只想说非传统的信息收集人员的使用，特别在学术环境中， 无论是教授、科学家、学生， 我们在全国的每一个联邦调查局分支机构都能见到。它不仅存在于大城市，在小城市也存在。它基本上遍及每个学科。而且我认为学术界对此的天真程度会给他们自己制造麻烦，他们正在利用被我们自己崇敬的非常开放的研究和开发环境，他们正在占我们的便宜。 因此，我们需要明确的一点是，中国威胁不仅仅是整个政府的威胁，最终是整个社会的威胁。 所以我认为这将需要我们整个社会的回应， 不仅仅只是情报机构，在我们的学术领域、我们的私人领域都需要提高警惕，以此作为防御的一部分。
FBI Director Christopher Wray: “I think in this setting I would just say that the use of nontraditional collectors, especially in the academic setting – whether it’s professors, scientists, students – we see in almost every – in almost every field office that the FBI has around the country. It’s not just in major cities, it’s in small ones as well. It’s across basically every discipline. And I think the level of naivety on the part of the academic sector about this creates its own issues. They’re exploiting the very open research and development environment that we have, which we all revere. But they’re taking advantage of it. So one of the things that we’re trying to do is view the China threat as not just a whole of government threat, but a whole of society threat on their end. And I think it’s going to take a whole of society response by us. It’s not just the intelligence community, but it’s raising awareness within our academic sector, within our private sector, as part of the defense.”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）： 中共间谍无处不在吗？海外的中国留学生也在为中共搜集情报吗？听听Chris的看法。
Are Chinese spies everywhere? Are overseas Chinese students collecting intelligence for the Chinese government as well? Here is what Chris has to say.
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：“你知道今年二月，FBI局长Christopher Wray说中共正在利用学生学者搜集情报。作为曾经的中国留学生，多大程度上你认为中国利用学生和教授收集情报？”
Simone Gao: You know In February, FBI Director Christopher Wray said China is using students and others in the academic setting to gather intelligence. As a former Chinese international student, to what extent do you think China is using students and professors to gather intelligence?
Chris（受访人／前中国学生学者联谊会董事会成员）：“很多学生，出于异想的爱国主义，他们想要为中国人做点事情。有时候他们是被迫，有时候是半自愿的为共产党做事。他们会被要求收集信息，收集情报交换，还不知道可能触犯美国法律，做着间谍工作。我认为西方大学应该让他们知道，他们做的那些是冒着触犯法律的风险，给共产党当间谍，可能在美国陷入很多麻烦，我认为不是很多人清楚这个。”
Chris:“ And then now A lot of students, out of sort of perceived patriotism, they wanted to do things for the Chinese, sometimes they’re forced, but sometimes they sort of semi-voluntarily do things for the Communist Party. They will be asked to collect information, asked to collect intelligence transfers without knowing, and they could be violating the U.S. law, doing the work that a spy would do, and then I think the Western universities should let them know that whatever they do like that, they are at risk of being a potential — violating the U.S. law, being a spy for the Communist Party. They could be getting into a lot of troubles in the U.S. And I think not many people knew about that. ”
萧茗（Host/Simone Gao）：中共的国家机器已经在美国社会秘密运转了几十年。人们终于开始意识到了这个问题的严重性，已经不再对中共抱有幻想。中共让中国这样一个拥有灿烂文明的国家蒙羞。中共对中华传统文化的摧残毁坏了中国人的道德根基。 中共绑架了整个国家和人民，只有解体中共才会带来根本转变。感谢收看《世事关心》，我是Simone Gao，我们下周再见。
The Chinese Communist regime’s apparatus has been operating in America for decades without Americans realizing what is really going on. Now things are changing. A lot of the wishful thinking towards China is gone. To a certain extent, that’s sad because China does have a rich history and a brilliant culture. But today’s China under Communist rule is no longer what it used to be. Until the ruling party and its impact is gone, the world should keep a realistic view of this once great country. Thanks for watching《 Zooming I》n. I am Simone Gao. See you next week.
end
＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
Producer：Simone Gao
Writer： Jess Beatty Simone Gao
Editors：Julian Kuo Bonnie Yu Frank Lin Bin Tang
Narrator: Rich Crankshaw
Interview Overdub: Kacey Cox
Camera：Lei Chen Shenghua Song York Du Miaoxuan Zhang
Rachel Wang Michael Chen
Transcription: Jess Beatty
Translation：Greg Yang Juan Li Xiaofeng Zhang
Special Effects：Harrison Sun
Assistant producer：Sherry Chang Bin Tang Merry Jiang
Feedback：[email protected]
New Tang Dynasty Television
September 2018
================================================================
